Anal Carcinoma

P=N/A, N=20, Recruiting, University of Chicago | Suspended --> Recruiting

Routine anal-cytology screening in an unsystematically selected cohort of 434 PWH contributing 1,383 person-years of F/U identified 7 cases of high-grade precancerous lesions and 1 asymptomatic AC. Important challenges included low uptake, limited specificity of cytology, inconsistent adherence to F/U recommendations, and insufficient availability of HRA. Improved communication of HIV-care-providers with all involved parties will be a key requirement for improving efficiency and outcomes.

During surveillance, ctDNA re-emergence precedes clinical or radiographic relapse in every case. These findings support the consideration of ctDNA as a dynamic, treatment-responsive biomarker warranting prospective validation for risk-adapted surveillance and adjuvant therapy in ASCC.

P=N/A, N=360, Recruiting, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center | Trial completion date: Jun 2026 --> Mar 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2026 --> Jan 2027

P2, N=33, Not yet recruiting, Jennifer Dorth

P=N/A, N=8670, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Apr 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2025 --> Apr 2026

In addition, WGS-based identification of HPV16 sub-lineages demonstrated that the composite A1, A2, A4, and C1 sub-lineages were associated with a higher risk of abnormal cytology compared to other HPV16 sub-lineages. WGS can further delineate the natural history of anal HR-HPV and their sub-lineages in populations at high-risk for HPV acquisition.

P2, N=25, Recruiting, Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center

Therapeutically, HCT can be effective in progressive disease with organ damage, while others may require long-term medical management of chronic viral complications. Recognizing this rare, homozygous p.R68W variant and its functional consequences supports a precision-diagnosis approach to RAC2-related immunodeficiency and refines surveillance and treatment strategies for affected patients.

P=N/A, N=300, Recruiting, Fudan University | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

P2, N=192, Terminated, MacroGenics | Completed --> Terminated; Business reasons

This case illustrates the challenges of managing ASCC in PLWH and underscores the need for optimized CRT protocols for this population. Reliable molecular biomarkers, including p16, p53, and Ki-67, may guide personalized therapy and improve prognostic stratification.