This case highlights the diagnostic challenge of primary gastrointestinal ENKL in patients presenting with abdominal pain and hematochezia in the absence of computed tomography (CT) abnormalities. Persistent unexplained abdominal pain should prompt consideration of rare ulcerative small bowel diseases, including ENKL, particularly when perforation is a potential complication. Early multidisciplinary intervention is essential to improve the outcomes of this devastating condition.
The patient was treated with antiretroviral therapy and CHOP-based chemotherapy with intrathecal therapy, resulting in rapid clinical improvement. This case highlights the diagnostic challenge of biliary obstruction in advanced HIV and underscores the importance of tissue diagnosis in distinguishing lymphoma from infection or other malignancies.
Targeted B-cell depletion via the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab fundamentally altered the therapeutic algorithm for rheumatoid arthritis (RA)...Finally, we evaluate the paradigm-shifting transition from superficial peripheral depletion to the "deep immune reset" orchestrated by CD19-directed Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. Early clinical data validate that CAR-T cells actively penetrate solid tissues, collapse the follicular dendritic cell network, and eradicate long-lived autoreactive memory compartments, offering a tangible trajectory toward drug-free remission in multidrug-refractory RA.
The addition of bortezomib or daratumumab might improve outcomes. B-cell maturation antigen-targeted therapies have shown early efficacy. The participation of patients with PBL in prospective clinical trials is warranted.
In contrast, a separate cohort of patients with de novo DLBCL and concomitant CLL-like MBL (n = 25) exhibited biological similarities to DLBCL-RT, including comparable phenotypic profiles and a high rate of clonal relatedness between MBL and DLBCL. We conclude that DLBCL-RT is associated with a CLL-like immunophenotype influenced by pre-existing CLL characteristics, and we propose that, in some cases, de novo DLBCL with concomitant MBL may be considered as RT.