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    BIOMARKER:

    CD28 expression

    i
    Other names: CD28, CD28 Molecule, T-Cell-Specific Surface Glycoprotein CD28, CD28 Antigen, T-Cell-Specific Surface Glycoprotein, CD28 Antigen (Tp44), Tp44, TP44
    Entrez ID:
    940
    Related biomarkers:
    Expression
    Others
    1year
    c-CBL/LCK/c-JUN/ETS1/CD28 axis restrains childhood asthma by suppressing Th2 differentiation. (PubMed, Mol Med)
    c-CBL alleviated asthma and suppressed Th2 differentiation by facilitating LCK ubiquitination, interrupting c-JUN activation and CD28 expression in vivo and in vitro. c-CBL/LCK/c-JUN/ETS1/CD28 axis was partially involved in childhood asthma, and may provide novel insights for clinical treatment for asthma.
    Journal
    |
    CBL (Cbl proto-oncogene) • CD4 (CD4 Molecule) • CD28 (CD28 Molecule) • ETS1 (ETS Proto-Oncogene 1) • LCK (LCK Proto-Oncogene, Src Family Tyrosine Kinase) • JUN (Jun proto-oncogene)
    |
    CD28 expression • CD4 expression • LCK overexpression
    1year
    Comparative Analysis of Inhibitory and Activating Immune Checkpoints PD-1, PD-L1, CD28, and CD86 in Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer. (PubMed, Cells)
    The significantly higher expression of PD-1, PD-L1, and CD28 in cSCC, along with the predominance of the inhibitory ligand PD-L1 as compared to the activating CD86 in cSCC, provide a potential explanation for the better objective response rates to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy as compared to BCC. Furthermore, the predominant site of interaction between the immune system and the tumor was within the invasive front in both tumor types.
    Clinical • Journal • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
    |
    PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1) • PD-1 (Programmed cell death 1) • CD28 (CD28 Molecule) • CD86 (CD86 Molecule)
    |
    PD-L1 expression • CD28 expression
    1year
    Expression and diagnostic value of lymphocyte subsets and activation status in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (PubMed, Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi)
    Specifically, absolute counts of NK cells ≤72.0 cells/μl, CD4(+)CD28(+)/CD4(+) T >94.2%, and CD8(+)CD28(+)/CD8(+) T >38.4% were identified as risk factors for predicting the development of NHL-HLH patients. This will assist in early clinical diagnosis and treatment.
    Retrospective data • Journal • IO biomarker
    |
    CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • CD38 (CD38 Molecule) • CD4 (CD4 Molecule) • CD28 (CD28 Molecule)
    |
    CD38 expression • CD8 expression • CD28 expression • CD4 expression
    over1year
    NCI-2018-00918: LN-145 or LN-145-S1 in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Ovarian Cancer, Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC), Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer, Osteosarcoma, or Other Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=30, Active, not recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2024 --> Jun 2025 | Trial completion date: Jun 2024 --> Jun 2025
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
    |
    HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • CD28 (CD28 Molecule) • CD27 (CD27 Molecule)
    |
    CD8 expression • CD28 expression
    |
    Opdivo (nivolumab) • Yervoy (ipilimumab) • cyclophosphamide • fludarabine IV • Proleukin (aldesleukin) • LN-145 • LN-145-S1
    over1year
    Increased co-expression of 4-1BB with PD-1 on CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes is associated with improved prognosis and immunotherapy response in cervical cancer. (PubMed, Front Oncol)
    The co-expression patterns of PD-1/4-1BB significantly contributed to the prediction of immune cell infiltration characteristics, prognosis, and tailored immunotherapy tactics. PD-1/4-1BB exhibits potential as a target for combination immunotherapy in cervical cancer.
    Journal • Tumor mutational burden • Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
    |
    TMB (Tumor Mutational Burden) • CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • PD-1 (Programmed cell death 1) • CD28 (CD28 Molecule) • ICOS (Inducible T Cell Costimulator)
    |
    PD-1 expression • CD8 expression • CD28 expression
    over1year
    Associations between immune cell phenotypes and lung cancer subtypes: insights from mendelian randomization analysis. (PubMed, BMC Pulm Med)
    This study demonstrates that specific immune cell types are associated with the risk of LUSC but not with LUAD. While these findings are derived solely from European populations, they still provide clues for a deeper understanding of the immunological mechanisms underlying lung cancer and may offer new directions for future therapeutic strategies and preventive measures.
    Journal • Immune cell
    |
    CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • CD28 (CD28 Molecule) • CCR2 (C-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 2)
    |
    CD28 expression
    over1year
    Immune escape of multiple myeloma cells results from low miR29b and the ensuing epigenetic silencing of proteasome genes. (PubMed, Biomark Res)
    Altogether, this study describes a novel molecular pathway in MM. This pathway starts from CD28 expressed on tumor plasma cells and, through the PI3K-miR29b-DNMT3B axis, leads to epigenetic silencing of immunoproteasome subunits, allowing MM plasma cells to elude immunosurveillance. This discovery has implications for the design of innovative miR29b-based therapies for MM.
    Journal
    |
    CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • CD28 (CD28 Molecule) • SDC1 (Syndecan 1) • DNMT3B (DNA Methyltransferase 3 Beta) • CD80 (CD80 Molecule) • CD86 (CD86 Molecule)
    |
    CD28 expression
    over1year
    Prognostic impact of the bone marrow tumor microenvironment, HLA-I and HLA-Ib expression in MDS and CMML progression to sAML. (PubMed, Oncoimmunology)
    This study underlines the independent prognostic value of the tumor microenvironment in MDS/CMML progression to sAML, which shows the most pronounced immune escape. Moreover, new prognostic markers, like HLA-G expression and spatial T cell distribution, were described for the first time, which might also serve as therapeutic targets.
    Journal • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
    |
    PD-L1 (Programmed death ligand 1) • CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • PD-1 (Programmed cell death 1) • PD-L2 (Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2) • CD28 (CD28 Molecule) • HLA-G (Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class I, G)
    |
    CD28 expression
    almost2years
    Abatacept, Ixazomib Citrate, and Dexamethasone in Treating Patients With Multiple Myeloma Resistant to Chemotherapy (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=15, Active, not recruiting, Roswell Park Cancer Institute | Trial completion date: Jan 2024 --> Jan 2025
    Trial completion date • IO biomarker
    |
    IL6 (Interleukin 6) • CD28 (CD28 Molecule) • CD86 (CD86 Molecule)
    |
    CD28 expression • IL6 expression
    |
    Ninlaro (ixazomib)
    almost2years
    Memory Enriched T Cells Following Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients With Recurrent B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P1, N=51, Active, not recruiting, City of Hope Medical Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Dec 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 --> Dec 2024
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
    |
    CD28 (CD28 Molecule)
    |
    CD28 expression
    |
    CD19 CAR T cells
    almost2years
    NCI-2018-01509: Autologous Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes MDA-TIL in Treating Patients With Recurrent or Refractory Ovarian Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, or Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=60, Active, not recruiting, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center | N=27 --> 60 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2024 --> Jan 2025
    Enrollment change • Trial primary completion date
    |
    CD8 (cluster of differentiation 8) • CD28 (CD28 Molecule) • CD27 (CD27 Molecule)
    |
    CD8 expression • CD28 expression
    |
    cyclophosphamide • fludarabine IV • Imunace (teceleukin)
    almost2years
    Low blood level of tumour suppressor miR-5193 as a target of immunotherapy to PD-L1 in gastric cancer. (PubMed, Br J Cancer)
    Low blood levels of miR-5193 are associated with GC progression and poor outcomes and could be a target of nucleic acid immunotherapy in GC patients.
    Journal • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
    |
    IFNG (Interferon, gamma) • CD28 (CD28 Molecule) • MIR520H (MicroRNA 520h)
    |
    PD-L1 expression • CD28 overexpression • CD28 expression