P=N/A, N=5000, Not yet recruiting, Samsung Medical Center

P1, N=16, Completed, Galmed Pharmaceuticals Ltd | Active, not recruiting --> Completed

Pharmacologic and dietary modulators: Statin, ezetimibe, and ω-3 fatty acids can remodel cholesterol pools, reverse raft stabilization, and partially restore sensitivity to targeted or immune therapies in preclinical models. Recognizing cholesterol metabolism as a contributing factor to oncogenic signaling and immune suppression highlights potential theoretical avenues for biomarker-guided treatment combinations. This integrative framework positions cholesterol not only as a structural lipid but also as a dynamic regulator of tumor evolution and therapy response.

P4, N=1200, Active, not recruiting, Yonsei University | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial primary completion date: Oct 2025 --> Oct 2027

Moreover, mice fed a diet containing both cholesterol and alcohol exhibited increased expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (Mcp1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (Tnfα) in the distal small intestine. Collectively, our findings indicate that ezetimibe effectively mitigates the adverse effects of dietary cholesterol and alcohol consumption on hepatic lipid accumulation and liver injury.

Sixty rats were used in the study, divided into the following groups: a control group (healthy rats), a diabetic control group, a diabetic group treated with metformin, a diabetic group treated with ezetimibe, a diabetic group treated with ezetimibe plus L-NAME, and a diabetic group treated with ezetimibe plus L-arginine. However, the beneficial effects of ezetimibe were reversed by L-NAME. Ezetimibe protected the kidney against diabetic injury mainly by activating the nitric oxide signaling pathway, enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity, and reducing inflammation, suggesting that its nephroprotective effects are NO-dependent.

P=N/A, N=60, Not yet recruiting, Melbourne Health

P=N/A, N=1952, Not yet recruiting, Yonsei University

P=N/A, N=10000, Recruiting, JW Pharmaceutical

Knock down of SCD1 enhanced the percentage of dead cells in vehicle control treated cells but did not alter the abilities of drugs to kill tumor cells. Our data demonstrates that UM cells are killed by treatment with aramchol plus regorafenib plus metformin via enhanced autophagic flux and that this combination may have the potential to control UM tumors that have metastasized to the liver.

P=N/A, N=2560, Active, not recruiting, Daiichi Sankyo | Not yet recruiting --> Active, not recruiting

P1, N=32, Recruiting, Galmed Pharmaceuticals Ltd | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting