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    CANCER:

    CNS Tumor

    Related cancers:
    11h
    Immune checkpoint inhibitors in pediatric central nervous system tumors: biology, clinical experience, and translational pathways to precision immunotherapy. (PubMed, J Neurooncol)
    We provide an overview of the current checkpoint inhibitor landscape for pediatric brain tumors, highlight barriers and summarize possible approaches that can be efficaciously explored in future clinical trials.
    Review • Journal • Checkpoint inhibition • Tumor mutational burden • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
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    TMB (Tumor Mutational Burden)
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    TMB-L
    1d
    An ex vivo functional biomarker of treatment response in pediatric low-grade glioma. (PubMed, PLoS One)
    As expected, none of the BRAF KIAA1549 fusion+ pLGG tumors were sensitive to dabrafenib treatment. Two out of the three tumors demonstrated predicted sensitivity to trametinib, whereas one tumor did not. While no clinical correlates were measured in this proof-of-concept study, this mixed response to MEK inhibition on SLiCE is representative of heterogeneous real-world clinical responses. Together, these data demonstrate the feasibility of SLiCE to become a new functional biomarker of response in a tumor type where functional models are exceptionally rare, establishing a foundation for future individualized treatment strategies.
    Preclinical • Journal
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    BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • KIAA1549
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    BRAF fusion
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    Mekinist (trametinib) • Tafinlar (dabrafenib)
    2d
    Spatial Transcriptomics Characterisation of Radionecrotic Changes in Glioblastoma Patients. (PubMed, Neuro Oncol)
    This study delineates a complex spatial architecture of brain tissue with post-treatment changes and its discrepancies from progressive GB, thus facilitating future research into novel treatment strategies.
    Journal
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    EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor)
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    EGFR expression • IDH wild-type
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    temozolomide
    4d
    Erdafitinib in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Advanced Solid Tumors, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, or Histiocytic Disorders With FGFR Mutations (A Pediatric MATCH Treatment Trial) (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=20, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2026
    Trial completion date
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    Balversa (erdafitinib)
    4d
    Predictive Factors for CNS Metastases in Early Breast Cancer Using Liquid Biopsy (AKRA CŽS) (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P=N/A, N=22, Active, not recruiting, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana
    New trial • Liquid biopsy
    5d
    AflacST1502: Sirolimus in Combination With Metronomic Chemotherapy in Children With Recurrent and/or Refractory Solid and CNS Tumors (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=46, Active, not recruiting, Emory University | Trial completion date: Jan 2026 --> Jun 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2026 --> Jun 2026
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
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    AFP (Alpha-fetoprotein)
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    cyclophosphamide • etoposide IV • sirolimus • celecoxib oral
    5d
    ACTEMRA® for the Treatment of Pediatric Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=38, Recruiting, Nationwide Children's Hospital | Trial completion date: Dec 2027 --> Dec 2029 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2027
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
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    Actemra IV (tocilizumab)
    7d
    Unusual immunohistochemical profiles in hemangioblastomas and their relevance in differential diagnosis: A comprehensive study of 112 cases. (PubMed, J Neuropathol Exp Neurol)
    No expression of SOX17, CDX2, Sall4, GATA3, or INSM1 was observed. Thus, HBs show a consistent PAX8-negative/CAIX-positive immunoprofile while they lack meningothelial markers and occasionally may express SOX10 and Olig2.
    Journal
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    SOX10 (SRY-Box 10) • CA9 (Carbonic anhydrase 9) • MUC4 (Mucin 4, Cell Surface Associated) • SOX17 (SRY-Box Transcription Factor 17) • CDX2 (Caudal Type Homeobox 2) • GPNMB (Glycoprotein Nmb) • SALL4 (Spalt Like Transcription Factor 4) • STAT6 (Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6) • GATA3 (GATA binding protein 3) • PAX8 (Paired box 8) • GFAP (Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein) • OLIG2 (Oligodendrocyte Transcription Factor 2)
    7d
    Gadolinium and Ferumoxytol MRI in Diagnosing Patients With Abnormalities in the Central Nervous System (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=150, Recruiting, OHSU Knight Cancer Institute | Trial completion date: Aug 2027 --> Dec 2028 | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2026 --> Dec 2027
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
    8d
    Induction of Meningioma Stem Signature via Hydrogel Reprogramming and Application of Meningioma Stem Cell Marker CXCR4 to Pathological Diagnosis and Treatment. (PubMed, Biotechnol Bioeng)
    Subsequent analysis revealed that CXCR4 immunohistochemistry may reflect the distribution of meningioma stem cells, supporting its potential utility as a diagnostic marker. By integrating basic experimental findings with histopathological evaluation of clinical specimens, this report will contribute to the advancement of meningioma research and diagnostic strategies.
    Journal
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    CXCR4 (Chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4) • NF2 (Neurofibromin 2) • CXCL12 (C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 12) • NANOG (Nanog Homeobox)
    8d
    A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Executive Function Outcomes in Pediatric Central Nervous System Tumor Survivors. (PubMed, Actas Esp Psiquiatr)
    Executive deficits are observed in individuals with brain tumors or survivors, significantly affecting their academic, social, and emotional lives. Early identification, along with educational and neuropsychological support, is essential to preventing these deficits from interfering with academic, personal, and professional functioning.
    Retrospective data • Journal
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    NF1 (Neurofibromin 1)