ER positive + HER-2 negative

ERpHER2n-Basal breast cancer represents a clinically high-risk subgroup whose molecular resemblance to TNBC highlights potential therapeutic opportunities, particularly for immunotherapy and DNA repair-targeting treatments.

These findings suggest that the anti-breast cancer effect of DOT1L inhibition is mediated by multiple mechanisms, including activation of innate immune signaling.

TRIM37 expression is associated with increased cell proliferation, regardless of subtype; however, it is strongly associated with reduced immune activity, worse response to chemotherapy, and poor prognosis in ER-positive/HER2-negative BC, whereas it was associated with better response to chemotherapy and no relationship with survival in TNBC. Our results provide critical insights into the clinical application of TRIM37-targeted therapies.

P1, N=23, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Oct 2025 --> Oct 2026

P2, N=33, Completed, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | N=58 --> 33

Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors such as abemaciclib-FDA-approved for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer-are emerging as potential treatments for TNBC...In a mammary fat pad TNBC tumor model, the combination treatment significantly suppressed SUM149 tumor growth more than either agent alone. These findings support co-targeting IL-6 and CDK4/6 as a novel therapeutic strategy for BRCA1-mutant TNBC.

Overall, both endocrine therapy alone and endocrine therapy plus S-1 resulted in favorable OS. Combining S-1 with endocrine therapy maintained the previously observed benefits of IDFS and DDFS.

In routine practice, a short course of preoperative ET yields substantial reductions in tumor proliferation. Early assessment of Ki67 suppression offers a readily accessible indicator of endocrine sensitivity, and achieving CCCA identifies patients who have a more favorable prognosis and thus are potentially eligible to de-escalate in treatment strategies.

AI models show promising potential for improving survival prediction in MBC, offering tools to support more individualized care. However, limitations remain, including inconsistent data quality, suboptimal model performance, and a lack of external validation. Future work should focus on refining models and ensuring clinical applicability through robust validation.

Screen-detected and symptomatic ER-positive/HER2-negative early breast cancers exhibited broadly comparable ODX-RS distributions. Mode of presentation alone should therefore not dictate adjuvant chemotherapy decisions; multigene testing and standard clinicopathologic factors remain essential for individualized treatment planning. Larger, prospective studies are warranted to validate and extend these observations.

NACT is most effective for triple-negative breast cancer patients, while ER+ve/HER2-ve showed the poorest response. HER2-positive patients, all not receiving trastuzumab, showed a much lower response compared to the international norm when trastuzumab was available. Adding trastuzumab should improve pCR rates for HER2-positive patients.