Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Combined stratification identified the longest PFS in high PD-L1 expression and low PD-1+CD8+ T cell infiltration (8.8 months) and the shortest in low PD-L1 and high PD-1+CD8+ T cell infiltration (3.5 months), supporting PD-1+CD8+ T cell infiltration might as a complementary biomarker to PD-L1. For OS, intratumoral CD8+ T cell density (HR 0.896; p = 0.011), clinical stage (HR 1.570; p = 0.025), and BMI (HR 0.935; p = 0.015) were independent factors.

Six prognostic genes, particularly RAB25 and PLAU, influence ESCC progression and immune microenvironment remodeling.

Moreover, alterations in CCND1 and FGF family genes were associated with poor prognosis, highlighting their potential roles as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in ESCC. III.

In conclusion, our findings reveal that targeting PPAT is a promising therapeutic strategy to suppress ESCC progression and enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy.

Single-cell RNA sequencing of graft tumors identified a highly proliferative cell cluster in tumor tissues, along with an extremely low proportion of immune infiltrating cells. Taken together, the mESCC-30 cell line and its syngeneic tumors represent a typical immune-cold tumor model, providing a novel platform to uncover immunotherapy resistance mechanisms and develop combination therapeutic strategies.

This study reveals that Pg can activate the ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR) signaling pathway, inducing the polarization of M2 tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), thereby promoting the growth of ESCC. This provides a new theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of ESCC.

The positive and negative predictive values were 93.64% and 87.50%, respectively. This integrated model reliably identifies male individuals at high risk of ESCC and may serve as a precision screening tool in high-incidence regions.

P=N/A, N=264, Active, not recruiting, Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital

For ESCC patients who received neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy, patients with pCR had a more active immune response independent of pre-treatment PD-L1 expression levels, and the pre-treatment CD4 + TILs ratio may be one of the predictors of their survival.

The combination therapy demonstrated excellent tolerability without observable systemic toxicity. Moreover, Integrating GEPIA3 database and clinical specimen analyses, we find that BTN3A1 and BTN2A1 are highly but heterogeneously expressed in esophageal cancer tissues, and that metformin‑mediated upregulation may restore sensitivity to Vγ9Vδ2 T cell immunotherapy particularly in patients with low baseline expression-uncovering a novel immunomodulatory function of metformin that provides a compelling rationale for its repurposing as a combinatorial agent against immunologically cold tumors such as esophageal carcinoma.

P3, N=1044, Not yet recruiting, Henan Cancer Hospital

P2, N=32, Recruiting, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University | Trial completion date: Sep 2026 --> Sep 2028 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2026 --> Mar 2028