P3, N=500, Recruiting, Centre Hospitalier St Anne | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting | Trial completion date: Jun 2028 --> Feb 2029 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2026 --> Dec 2026

P2, N=99, Recruiting, Mayo Clinic | Trial completion date: May 2031 --> May 2027 | Trial primary completion date: May 2031 --> May 2027

These findings establish the COP1-LUZP1-MYL9 axis as a therapeutic target for CRLM and oxaliplatin-based chemoresistance. Clinically, COP1 expression profiling in PDOs from postoperative specimens enables a precision strategy for managing oxaliplatin-based chemoresistance, especially in the context of FOLFOX.

Notably, baseline NR3C1 methylation levels predicted response to first-line FOLFIRINOX-based treatment with an acceptable 75% sensitivity and a high specificity of 92.86%. These findings highlight the clinical significance of cfDNA methylation as a minimally invasive biomarker source, emphasizing LAX1, NR3C1, and RCAN3 as prognostic biomarkers in mPDAC. Specifically, baseline NR3C1 methylation emerges as a promising predictor of treatment response, supporting personalized therapeutic strategies in mPDAC.

MEX3A contributes to colorectal carcinogenesis, in association with PPARγ signalling modulation, impacting tumor development and therapeutic response.

P=N/A, N=420, Recruiting, Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

The goal of the current study was to examine in vitro the efficacy and mechanism of action of TTFields for treating gastric cancer, and the potential application of TTFields concomitant with FOLFOX, a standard gastric cancer treatment consisting of the therapeutic agents oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil [5-FU]...The study shows that TTFields induce an antimitotic effect and impair DNA damage repair in gastric cancer cells, and that concomitant treatment with FOLFOX improves treatment efficacy in vitro, potentially due to the accumulation of DNA damage. Overall, TTFields treatment holds potential for treatment of gastric cancer alongside standard chemotherapy.

P2, N=40, Completed, Ruijin Hospital | Recruiting --> Completed

Curcumin can inhibit the viability and induce ferroptosis in CRC cells, while leucovorin is known to enhance the cytotoxic effects of fluorouracil in the same cells. However, additional leucovorin pre-treatment did not display further benefits compared with curcumin and leucovorin co-treatment. The findings of the present study suggested that curcumin and leucovorin may serve as a potential regimen for the treatment of CRC.

Postoperatively, fluconazole was administered without recurrence and systemic chemotherapy was resumed. Early histopathological confirmation is crucial to make an accurate diagnosis and select the appropriate management.

We dissect the mechanistic underpinnings and clinical performance of foundational regimens such as FOLFOX, FOLFIRI, and CAPOX, and analyze how key driver alterations, including RAS/RAF mutations, HER2 amplification, MSI/MMR status, and VEGF-mediated angiogenesis, influence disease progression and therapeutic selection...Emerging advances such as KRAS G12C inhibitors, multi-kinase angiogenesis modulators, antibody-drug conjugates, ribosome biogenesis inhibitors, AI-guided therapeutic algorithms, and ctDNA-based monitoring are also discussed. By integrating mechanistic insights with clinical evidence, this review offers a structured framework to better understand current treatment paradigms and future directions in biomarker-driven precision therapy for colon cancer.