Gallbladder Cancer

Gemcitabine-cisplatin remains effective and tolerable in metastatic GBC. Despite the emergence of Gemcitabine-Cisplatin with durvalumab as new standard, this prospective dataset provides valuable real-world outcomes from a high-incidence region with limited access to immunotherapy.

This study establishes AFP elevation, mixed histology, and delayed chemotherapy as critical determinants of poor prognosis in GB-NEC. Our findings emphasize the importance of early diagnosis, aggressive surgical resection, and timely initiation of platinum-based adjuvant therapy.

This review systematically summarizes the differential expression profiles of USP family members (e.g., USP1, USP3, USP7, USP8, USP9X, USP21, and USP22) in BTC and their clinical significance, with a focus on elucidating how specific USPs regulate tumor progression through key substrates, including poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), dynamin-1-like protein (DNM1L), and O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT). Furthermore, based on recent advances, we discuss the therapeutic potential of small-molecule USP inhibitors in BTC targeted therapy, providing a theoretical foundation for developing novel precision treatment strategies.

The patient achieved a prolonged period of disease stability, who was treated with various anti-HER2 targeted therapy, such as trastuzumab combined with pyrotinib and HER2-targeted antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). Dynamic CA199 levels paralleled the treatment efficacy. This report underscores the significance of molecular profiling-guided personalized therapy and integrated multidisciplinary management in the treatment of biliary tract cancers.

RD is a critical independent prognostic factor in IGBC, predicted by elevated CA19-9, open cholecystectomy, advanced T stage, PNI/MVI, and station 12c lymph nodes metastasis. For RD patients, segment IVB/V resection and ACT both significantly improve overall survival.

Combating GBC requires a comprehensive strategy encompassing health education, screening of high-risk populations, precise staging, and individualized multimodal treatment. Future research should focus on building molecular subtype-based prognostic models, conducting high-level clinical studies to resolve surgical controversies, and exploring the integration of novel adjuvant therapies with traditional surgery.

High glycated hemoglobin levels were also associated with early recurrence. In conclusion, active screening for early detection, reduction of inflammatory conditions, and management of diabetes may reduce early recurrence after R0 resection of GB cancer.

P2, N=53, Active, not recruiting, Gilead Sciences | Trial completion date: Oct 2025 --> Oct 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Oct 2025 --> Oct 2026

These findings highlight both shared and population-specific molecular differences and underscore the importance of integrating sex as a biological variable in cancer genomics, biomarker development, and clinical trial design.

Insufficient consideration of this factor in clinical settings reduces diagnostic accuracy and complicates interpretation of CA19-9 results. This review summarizes the current understanding of the relationship between CA19-9 and the Lewis system, critically evaluates recent clinical studies, highlights existing limitations, and discusses the potential role of combined CA19-9 and Lewis typing in improving the diagnostic value of gallbladder cancer.

Specifically, MUC16 was verified to be significantly elevated in tumour samples. Furthermore, the association of these dysregulated genes with key immune cells in this patient group may further highlight their roles in dysfunctional immune processes linked with tumourigenesis.

HER2 amplification was associated with worse OS; dMMR and BRCA mutations showed a trend toward improved OS.ConclusionReal world first-line chemoimmunotherapy for advanced BTC achieved outcomes comparable to those in pivotal trials. The ECOG performance status, serum albumin level, and HER2 status were prognostic for OS, supporting the importance of baseline patient selection and molecular profiling in treatment planning.