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    CANCER:

    Gastrointestinal Cancer

    1d
    Oral microbiota member Neisseria elongata exosomes-Cassia fistula association targets PTEN/AKT/IL10/IL1β/BAX/BCL-2 signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer immunotherapy. (PubMed, Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek)
    The biocompatibility and targeting efficiency of bacterial EVs position them as a novel therapeutic platform for gastrointestinal cancers. This study provides the first preclinical evidence supporting the use of non-pathogenic bacterial exosomes in oncology, highlighting their translational potential for improving treatment outcomes in pancreatic cancer.
    Journal
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    PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog) • BCL2 (B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2) • IL10 (Interleukin 10) • BAX (BCL2-associated X protein) • IL1B (Interleukin 1, beta)
    1d
    Low-dose IL-2 therapy for immune-related adverse events via Tfh/Treg balance modulation: a prospective cohort and murine model study. (PubMed, Cancer Immunol Immunother)
    Our study underscores the importance of Tfh/Treg balance in the development of irAEs and demonstrates the potential of LDIL-2 as a therapeutic option for irAEs, providing a promising alternative to traditional immunosuppressive therapies for managing irAEs.
    Preclinical • Journal • Adverse events
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    IL21 (Interleukin 21)
    1d
    NPWT in Patients Undergoing Surgical Procedures for Management of GI Malignancies (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2/3, N=290, Completed, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Mar 2026 --> Sep 2025
    Trial completion • Trial completion date
    2d
    Lowered Abundance of Gut Bacteriophage Species Is Associated With Human Cancer Cachexia. (PubMed, J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle)
    The previously unknown link between gut bacteriophages and human cancer cachexia expands the scope for basic, translational and clinical microbiome-targeted research in an area of significant unmet medical need.
    Journal
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    CRP (C-reactive protein)
    2d
    LITESPARK-015: Belzutifan/MK-6482 for the Treatment of Advanced Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma (PPGL), Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor (pNET), Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) Disease-Associated Tumors, Advanced Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (wt GIST), or Solid Tumors With HIF-2α Related Genetic Alterations (MK-6482-015) (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P2, N=355, Recruiting, Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC | Trial completion date: Jun 2029 --> Dec 2029 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2029 --> Dec 2029
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
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    EPAS1 (Endothelial PAS domain protein 1)
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    Welireg (belzutifan)
    5d
    A Study of 2nd-line FOLFIRI ± Bevacizumab vs. Irinotecan ± Bevacizumab in mCRC (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P3, N=280, Recruiting, Sun Yat-sen University | Unknown status --> Recruiting | Trial completion date: Dec 2018 --> Dec 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2017 --> Dec 2026
    Enrollment open • Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
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    Avastin (bevacizumab) • 5-fluorouracil • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium
    5d
    OCTANE: Ontario-wide Cancer TArgeted Nucleic Acid Evaluation (clinicaltrials.gov)
    P=N/A, N=10000, Recruiting, University Health Network, Toronto | Trial completion date: Aug 2026 --> Aug 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2026 --> Aug 2027
    Trial completion date • Trial primary completion date
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    BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene)
    5d
    Depression as a potential early indicator of pancreatic cancer: a systematic review of prevalence, mechanisms, and temporal associations. (PubMed, J Psychosoc Oncol)
    Depression may represent a paraneoplastic or early manifestation of PC. Further prospective, mechanistic studies are warranted.
    Review • Journal
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    IL6 (Interleukin 6)
    6d
    Rarity Within Rarity: Complete Response to Chemoimmunotherapy in a Patient with Polymerase epsilon (POLE)-Mutated locally advanced Jejunal Carcinoma. (PubMed, Oncologist)
    This case underscores the role of immunotherapy in POLE-mutated tumors regardless of the site of origin and highlights the potential usefulness of molecular profiling in rare malignancies. In line with the agnostic approach used for microsatellite instability, molecular-driven clinical trials should be prioritized over histology-based studies to optimize treatment strategies for these orphan diseases.
    Journal • PD(L)-1 Biomarker • IO biomarker
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    MSI (Microsatellite instability) • POLE (DNA Polymerase Epsilon)
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    POLE mutation
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    Opdivo (nivolumab) • 5-fluorouracil • leucovorin calcium
    7d
    Association between the composite CRP-TyG index and incident malignancy risk in hospitalized patients with diabetes: a retrospective cohort study with nonlinear effect analysis. (PubMed, Front Oncol)
    The CRP-TyG composite index was independently associated with a higher risk of incident malignancy in hospitalized patients with diabetes and showed a clear nonlinear dose-response pattern. As a simple biomarker derived from routine laboratory tests, it may help support early malignancy risk stratification in this high-risk population.
    Retrospective data • Journal
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    CRP (C-reactive protein)
    7d
    From dose to exposure? rethinking fluoropyrimidines as immune checkpoint partners in gastrointestinal cancers. (PubMed, Curr Opin Oncol)
    Recent failures of chemo-immunotherapy in MSS gastrointestinal cancers may partly reflect immunologically suboptimal chemotherapy backbones. Optimal outcomes likely require joint consideration of schedule, biomarker selection, and immunogenic partner. Prospective trials testing chemotherapy schedules are warranted.
    Journal • IO biomarker
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    NLRP3 (NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3)
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    5-fluorouracil • capecitabine • oxaliplatin • irinotecan • leucovorin calcium
    7d
    Communication With Clinicians and Relatives About Cascade Genetic Testing in Cancer Patients With Germline Pathogenic Variants. (PubMed, JCO Precis Oncol)
    Patients with cancer are motivated to communicate PV results to relatives. However, few clinicians are involved and relatives' testing remains low. Novel care delivery models are needed to advance cascade testing and precision risk reduction.
    Journal • BRCA Biomarker
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    TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • BRCA1 (Breast cancer 1, early onset) • BRCA2 (Breast cancer 2, early onset) • PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog) • STK11 (Serine/threonine kinase 11) • CDKN2A (Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A) • PALB2 (Partner and localizer of BRCA2) • MLH1 (MutL homolog 1) • MSH6 (MutS homolog 6) • MSH2 (MutS Homolog 2) • SMAD4 (SMAD family member 4) • PMS2 (PMS1 protein homolog 2) • CDH1 (Cadherin 1) • CHEK2 (Checkpoint kinase 2) • BRIP1 (BRCA1 Interacting Protein C-terminal Helicase 1) • POLD1 (DNA Polymerase Delta 1) • RAD51C (RAD51 paralog C) • RAD51D (RAD51 paralog D) • EPCAM (Epithelial cell adhesion molecule) • BARD1 (BRCA1 Associated RING Domain 1) • BMPR1A (Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor Type 1A)