P2, N=48, Recruiting, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University

P1, N=20, Recruiting, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey | Active, not recruiting --> Recruiting | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2026

Molecular docking brilliantly illuminated the mechanism behind this divergence: the potent cytotoxicity of C. viminale is driven by its principal alkaloids, Protopine and Berberine, which showed high-affinity binding to the ATP-binding site of EGFR, a key driver of cancer proliferation. DHFR, conversely, was identified as a common molecular target for potent binders from both plants (Evodiamine, Piperine, Chlorogenic acid), providing a unifying mechanism for their shared antimicrobial properties.

It represents a promising therapeutic approach to counteract age-related immune dysfunction and inflammation, potentially by slowing the aging process. Further research is needed to validate its long-term efficacy and safety in geriatrics.

P1/2, N=160, Active, not recruiting, Enlivex Therapeutics Ltd. | Trial completion date: Feb 2026 --> May 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Sep 2025 --> Mar 2026

P=N/A, N=270, Not yet recruiting, West China Hospital

P1, N=12, Recruiting, Sun Yat-sen University

Tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3) was examined in this study as a novel biomarker to predict the efficiency of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and thereby improved primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) treatment...In conclusion, TNFAIP3 and fatigue have significant impact on UDCA in PBC. These findings provide a new view on PBC pathophysiology and suggest that TNFAIP3 may be a suitable biomarker or therapeutic target for the disease.

Bile acids display dual roles, with ursodeoxycholic acid and tauroursodeoxycholic acid counteracting the tumor-promoting effects of deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid. These platforms enable quantitative assessment of exposure-response thresholds, dissection of context-dependent effects, and in vitro pre-evaluation of the feasibility and safety of metabolite-based immunologic adjuvants combined with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. Collectively, microbiota-derived metabolites represent promising targets for precision diagnosis and treatment in GI cancer immunotherapy.

The incidence of adverse events was lower in the experimental group (50.8% vs 65.8%; χ2 = 8.35, p = 0.004), primarily due to a reduced rate of myelosuppression. The addition of Tα1 to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor-based chemotherapy may enhance treatment efficacy, improve immune response, and reduce immunosuppression-related toxicity in patients with platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer.

P2, N=60, Recruiting, Cynata Therapeutics Limited | Trial completion date: Jun 2027 --> Dec 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Oct 2025 --> Mar 2026

P3, N=210, Recruiting, National Taiwan University Hospital