Immunosuppression with calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) plus azathioprine (AZA) was independently associated with increased skin cancer risk (odds ratio [OR] 9.41, p = 0.044), especially for SCC (OR 6.6, p = 0.027)...Skin cancer is a relevant long-term complication after HTx, particularly SCC in patients receiving AZA. Our findings support limiting AZA use and reinforce the importance of structured dermatologic surveillance and early mammalian target of rapamycin conversion strategies to improve long-term outcomes.
The current guideline describes the gene-drug interactions for TPMT, NUDT15 and thiopurines (azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine and thioguanine). For TPMT or NUDT15 IM treated for leukaemia, starting with the normal dose can be considered and then decrease the dose to the advised dose described above in case toxicities occur. For NUDT15 PM reduced starting dose is advised only if an alternative is not possible, due to a higher uncertainty in the calculated dose reduction for NUDT15 PM than for TPMT PM.DPWG classifies genotyping for TPMT and NUDT15 "essential" before thiopurine initiation.
The niosomal formulation of MEF synergistically enhances CIS efficacy by promoting apoptosis, and suppressing angiogenesis in TNBC. These findings highlight NMEF as a promising chemosensitizer to overcome cisplatin resistance. Future studies should focus on in vivo validation and clinical translation.
P2, N=10, Terminated, CalciMedica, Inc. | Completed --> Terminated; The trial was terminated early due to the limited number of new COVID-19 hospitalizations.