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    BIOMARKER:

    KRAS Q61K

    i
    Other names: KRAS, KRAS1, KRAS2, Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog
    Entrez ID:
    3845
    Related biomarkers:
    Expression
    Mutation
    CNA
    Others
    over1year
    Case report & review: Bilateral NIFTP harboring concomitant HRAS and KRAS mutation: Report of an unusual case and literature review. (PubMed, Mol Carcinog)
    Additionally, our discovery of simultaneous mutations within the same lesion strengthens the evidence of ITH even in FVPTC. Although the extent and biological impact of this phenomenon in NIFTP are still debated, a deeper understanding is essential to ensure appropriate clinical management.
    Review • Journal
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    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • HRAS (Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog)
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    KRAS mutation • HRAS mutation • KRAS Q61K
    over1year
    Crystal structure of NRAS Q61K with a ligand-induced pocket near switch II. (PubMed, Eur J Cell Biol)
    This observation reveals a binding site that can potentially be exploited for development of inhibitors against mutant NRAS. Furthermore, the well-resolved catalytic site of this GTPase bound to native GTP provides insight into the stalled GTP hydrolysis observed for NRAS-Q61K.
    Journal
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    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • HRAS (Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog)
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    KRAS mutation • NRAS mutation • RAS mutation • NRAS Q61K • NRAS Q61 • NRAS Q61R • HRAS Q61R • KRAS Q61K
    almost2years
    Computational Exploration of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Human hRAS Gene: Implications and Insights. (PubMed, Cureus)
    Therefore, the seven SNPs were identified as high-risk SNPs. Conclusions Given that SNPs have the potential to be candidates for cellular alterations brought on by mutations that are associated with cancer, this study provides vital information about how SNPs might be utilized as a diagnostic marker for cancer.
    Journal
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    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • HRAS (Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog)
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    NRAS Q61K • NRAS Q61 • KRAS Q61H • NRAS G13 • NRAS Q61H • KRAS A146V • NRAS A146 • KRAS Q61K
    almost2years
    Low incidence of BRAF and NRAS mutations in a population with a high incidence of melanoma. (PubMed, Virchows Arch)
    Demographic details, tumor characteristics, and 10-year outcome data were also obtained.Ten cases with BRAF V600E mutations (11.6%) and five (5.49%) NRAS mutations (4 at Q61R, 1 at Q61K) were detected. No statistically significant differences were noted between groups for age, gender, depth of invasion, nodal status, or recurrence status (p ≥ 0.05).These findings suggest that the Irish population has a markedly lower incidence of BRAF and NRAS mutations in melanoma than those reported in other cohorts.
    Journal
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    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog)
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    BRAF V600E • KRAS mutation • BRAF mutation • NRAS mutation • BRAF V600 • KIT mutation • NRAS Q61K • NRAS Q61 • NRAS Q61R • NRAS mutation + BRAF mutation • KRAS Q61K
    almost2years
    Association of KRAS G12C status with age at onset of metastatic colorectal cancer in the Brazilian population: A multicenter analysis of a molecular profile database (RAS, BRAF and MSI status). (ASCO-GI 2024)
    In our Brazilian cohort of mCRC patients, frequencies of RAS and BRAF mutations were similar to worldwide data. However, we found lower than expected frequency of MSI-high tumors. KRAS G12C mutation was associated with early-onset mCRC, an emergent population in which KRAS G12C inhibitors might be particulary useful.
    Clinical • MSi-H Biomarker • Metastases
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    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • MSI (Microsatellite instability)
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    BRAF V600E • KRAS mutation • MSI-H/dMMR • KRAS G12C • NRAS mutation • KRAS G12D • KRAS G12V • KRAS wild-type • RAS mutation • RAS wild-type • NRAS Q61K • KRAS G12 • NRAS Q61 • NRAS G12D • NRAS G12 • KRAS Q61K
    2years
    Cellular responses after (neratinib plus pemetrexed) exposure in NSCLC cells. (PubMed, Anticancer Drugs)
    These findings argue against the development of 'early' resistance mechanisms after neratinib and pemetrexed exposure. Future studies will be required to understand how NSCLC cells become resistant to neratinib and pemetrexed.
    Journal
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    EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor) • HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • MET (MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • KIT (KIT proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase) • MAP2K1 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1) • ERBB3 (V-erb-b2 avian erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 3) • MCL1 (Myeloid cell leukemia 1) • PDGFRB (Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor Beta) • BCL2L1 (BCL2-like 1) • ERBB4 (erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4) • ATG5 (Autophagy Related 5) • BECN1 (Beclin 1)
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    KRAS G12C • NRAS mutation • EGFR L858R • HER-2 expression • EGFR T790M • EGFR expression • KRAS G12V • KRAS wild-type • RAS mutation • RAS wild-type • NRAS Q61K • KRAS G12A • KRAS G12 • NRAS Q61 • KRAS G12S • KRAS Q61H • MCL1 expression • NRAS G12 • KRAS Q61K • NRAS G12S
    |
    Nerlynx (neratinib) • pemetrexed
    over2years
    The integrated genomic and epigenomic landscape of gangliogliomas - retrospective analysis of a single-centre case series (ECP 2023)
    One case presented with concerning copy number changes and TERT promoter mutation, raising the possibility of glioblastoma. Further studies regarding the biological behaviour of these tumours are needed.
    Retrospective data
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    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • FGFR2 (Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2) • FGFR3 (Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3) • NTRK2 (Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 2) • TERT (Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase) • KIAA1549 • SHTN1 (Shootin 1)
    |
    BRAF V600E • KRAS mutation • BRAF V600 • NTRK2 fusion • FGFR2 mutation • BRAF wild-type • FGFR2 fusion • KIAA1549-BRAF fusion • BRAF fusion • FGFR3 fusion • TERT mutation • TERT promoter mutation • KRAS Q61K
    over2years
    Effect of MAPK activation via mutations in NRAS, KRAS and BRAF on clinical outcome in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. (PubMed, Hematol Oncol)
    Activation of MAPK pathway via mutated NRAS, KRAS and BRAF genes seems to have a negative impact on outcome in ndMM patients receiving VRd therapy. VRd* - bortezomib (Velcade®), lenalidomide (Revlimid®) and dexamethasone.
    Clinical data • Journal • Tumor mutational burden
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    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • TP53 (Tumor protein P53) • TMB (Tumor Mutational Burden) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • IDH1 (Isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 1) • IDH2 (Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (NADP(+)) 2) • FGFR3 (Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3) • CCND1 (Cyclin D1) • IRF4 (Interferon regulatory factor 4) • PRDM1 (PR/SET Domain 1) • NT5C (5', 3'-Nucleotidase, Cytosolic) • TENT5C (Terminal Nucleotidyltransferase 5C) • EGR1 (Early Growth Response 1)
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    TP53 mutation • KRAS mutation • BRAF mutation • NRAS mutation • KRAS wild-type • RAS wild-type • NRAS Q61K • NRAS Q61 • NRAS wild-type • KRAS Q61K
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    lenalidomide • bortezomib • dexamethasone
    over2years
    A Shift in Molecular Drivers of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Following the 2017 WHO Classification: Characterization of 554 Consecutive Tumors with Emphasis on BRAF-Negative Cases. (PubMed, Mod Pathol)
    Driver gene fusions were identified in 8.5% of PTCs and were clinically relevant given the emerging targeted kinase inhibitor therapy. Of the 1.6% of cases for which no driver alteration was detected, the specificity of drivers tested and tumor classification require further investigation.
    Journal
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    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • ALK (Anaplastic lymphoma kinase) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • RET (Ret Proto-Oncogene) • NTRK1 (Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 1) • NTRK3 (Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 3) • FGFR1 (Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1) • HRAS (Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog)
    |
    BRAF V600E • BRAF V600 • NTRK1 fusion • NTRK3 fusion • RET fusion • ALK fusion • RAS mutation • NRAS Q61K • NRAS Q61 • BRAF fusion • NRAS Q61R • FGFR1 fusion • HRAS Q61R • KRAS Q61K
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    FusionPlex® Pan Solid Tumor v2 panel
    over2years
    RAS-mutations in population-based and real-life metastatic colorectal cancer cohorts (ESMO-GI 2023)
    In this cohort with population-based and real-world patients, no differences in patient characteristics or treatment modalities were seen between different RAS mt, except a higher frequency of right-colon primaries among KRAS mt compared with NRAS mt. KRAS -G12S conferred a worse OS compared with some other KRAS mt, whereas no other differences in OS were seen. It therefore seems as if different RAS mt behave quite similar.
    Clinical • Metastases
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    KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • RAS (Rat Sarcoma Virus)
    |
    BRAF V600E • KRAS mutation • KRAS G12C • NRAS mutation • BRAF V600 • KRAS G12D • KRAS G12V • RAS mutation • NRAS Q61K • KRAS G12A • KRAS G12 • NRAS Q61 • KRAS G12S • NRAS Q61R • KRAS G13 • KRAS Q61H • NRAS G12D • NRAS G12 • NRAS G13 • KRAS A146T • NRAS A146T • NRAS A146 • KRAS G12C + KRAS G12V • KRAS Q61K • NRAS G12S
    over2years
    KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, HER2 and MSI Status in a Large Consecutive Series of Colorectal Carcinomas. (PubMed, Int J Mol Sci)
    Combined alterations of two driver genes were detected in 28/8355 (0.3%) tumors (KRAS/NRAS: 8; KRAS/BRAF: 4; KRAS/HER2: 12; NRAS/HER2: 4). This study demonstrates that a substantial portion of RAS alterations is represented by atypical mutations, KRAS Q61K substitution is always accompanied by the second gene-rescuing mutation, BRAF mutation frequency is a subject to geographical variations, and a small fraction of CRCs has simultaneous alterations in more than one driver gene.
    Journal
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    HER-2 (Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) • KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase) • BRAF (B-raf proto-oncogene) • NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog) • MSI (Microsatellite instability)
    |
    KRAS mutation • HER-2 overexpression • BRAF mutation • HER-2 amplification • NRAS mutation • NRAS Q61K • NRAS Q61 • KRAS Q61K