YTS104

Two nanobodies with the highest affinity for LILRB4 were identified through phage display library screening and used to construct nanobody-based dual epitope anti-LILRB4 STAR-T cells, which exhibit more potent tumor inhibition in vitro and in vivo than single epitope anti-LILRB4 STAR-T cells or dual epitope anti-LILRB4 CAR-T cells do...Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that monocyte-mediated suppression of autologous T-cell function may be a primary mechanism underlying the failure of STAR-T therapy in nonresponders. In conclusion, this first-in-human trial demonstrates the therapeutic potential of targeting LILRB4 with STAR-T-cell therapy in AML and warrants further investigation.

P=N/A, N=1, Completed, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, China | Not yet recruiting --> Completed | N=10 --> 1

P1, N=12, Recruiting, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, China | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

P1, N=11, Completed, Peking University People's Hospital | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2023 --> Aug 2024 | Not yet recruiting --> Completed

In conclusion, our study elucidates that LILRB4 is an ideal biomarker and promising immunotherapy target for high-risk MM. LILRB4-STAR-T cell immunotherapy is promising against tumor cells and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in MM.

P1, N=8, Not yet recruiting, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital