Mast Cell Leukemia

First-line symptomatic therapy (H1/H2 antihistamines ± montelukast) was administered to 77% of patients, while four patients with advanced disease received midostaurin treatment. Immunophenotyping confirmed aberrant expression of CD2 and CD25 in all eight analyzed cases. This first national series from Romania underscores the predominance of indolent SM and the clinical burden of organ involvement, reinforcing the need for early diagnosis and personalized, risk-adapted therapeutic approaches.

These variations include SRFS2-p95, biallelic (double) TET2 or a TET2 mutation combined with an SRSF2 variation to identify chronic myelomonocytic leukemia associated with SM. Additional diagnostic issues included disease progression in the SM or the AMN component, the distinction between SM-AMN and acute myeloid leukemia with partial mast cell differentiation (aka, myelomastocytic leukemia), and rare types of disease proliferations occurring in SM-AMN.

The patient is recovering well as of February 2025, just 7 months after the first diagnosis, following surgery and 16 weeks of chemotherapy with a combination of prednisolone and vinblastine, considering the C-kit PCR results of the left inguinal lymph node after the surgical removal of the MCT. This report is significant for two reasons, firstly because of the rarity of MCTs originating from lymph nodes other than the skin and gastrointestinal organs, and secondly because the authors propose a hypothesis for the rarity of primary lymph node mast cell tumors and the correlation between mammary gland tumors and mast cell tumor growth based on a comparative literature review in humans, focusing on molecular mechanisms.

We present a case of a 74-year-old Chinese female with primary acute MCL who exhibited different responses to dexamethasone and methylprednisolone...Initial treatment included corticosteroids and dasatinib...This case underscores the importance of personalized treatment approaches in MCL, considering the distinct genetic profile and differential therapeutic responses to corticosteroids. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these responses and to optimize treatment strategies for MCL.

P=N/A, N=153, Active, not recruiting, City of Hope Medical Center | Completed --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Dec 2013 --> Dec 2025

P=N/A, N=153, Completed, City of Hope Medical Center | Active, not recruiting --> Completed

The addition of mutational information into the multivariable model resulted in ousting anemia and inclusion of ASXL1 (p < 0.01), SRSF2 (p = 0.01), and NRAS (p = 0.01) mutations as additional risk factors. Classification of SM by ICC is prognostically more accurate, compared to WHO-HAEM5, and strengthens the prognostic contribution of morphology to current clinical and molecular risk models.

P=N/A, N=153, Active, not recruiting, City of Hope Medical Center | Completed --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Dec 2013 --> Dec 2025

P2, N=107, Completed, Blueprint Medicines Corporation | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Jan 2026 --> Dec 2024 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2026 --> Dec 2024

P2, N=68, Recruiting, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2027

P1, N=9, Terminated, Blueprint Medicines Corporation | N=67 --> 9 | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Mar 2025 | Active, not recruiting --> Terminated; Terminated - alignment of strategic priorities