oxaliplatin

P1/2, N=61, Active, not recruiting, MedImmune LLC | Trial completion date: Nov 2025 --> Nov 2026

Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive zolbetuximab plus chemotherapy or placebo plus chemotherapy (mFOLFOX6 [modified folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin] or CAPOX [capecitabine and oxaliplatin]). Zolbetuximab plus chemotherapy demonstrated favorable PFS and OS versus placebo plus chemotherapy in the Korean subgroup, with numerically greater efficacy compared with the overall pooled population. This may be potentially attributable to low rates of zolbetuximab discontinuation and toxicity management.

The LNMRGS is a robust prognostic signature for CRC. NPR3 plays a key role in metastatic progression and chemoresistance, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target.

P3, N=738, Completed, Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC | Active, not recruiting --> Completed

P3, N=382, Not yet recruiting, Sun Yat-sen University

Diagnosis requires systematically excluding other primary squamous cell carcinoma sites (oesophagus, lung, head and neck) before confirming primary gastric squamous cell carcinoma (GSCC).Radical resection (R0) combined with aggressive adjuvant chemotherapy is the optimal treatment strategy, offering the best survival chance even in advanced disease (pT4bN3aM0, LVI+/PNI+).Treatment must be individualised due to a lack of standardised protocols: for this extremely rare malignancy, the decision between upfront surgery versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy should be based on tumour resect ability, biological characteristics and multidisciplinary tumour board discussion.

The GEMSTONE-303 trial demonstrated that sugemalimab combined with capecitabine and oxaliplatin (CAPOX) improved survival benefit in patients with advanced gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC/GEJC) and a programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) combined positive score (CPS) ≥5. It is essential to adopt a combination of targeted patient selection, price negotiation, and broader PAP access to bring the ICER below the WTP threshold. These findings inform reimbursement negotiations and highlight the need for stratified pricing strategies to optimize accessibility in economically diverse populations.

Natural compounds (neferine, ajoene, baicalein, isoliensinine, curcumin analogs) and synthetic drugs (5-FU, oxaliplatin, irinotecan, norcantharidin, cordycepin) modulate EMT and trigger ferroptosis, cuproptosis, paraptosis, and autophagy...Simultaneous targeting of EMT, CR-CSC maintenance, and chemoresistance using multifunctional natural and synthetic agents represents a promising strategy in CRC therapy. Induction of alternative cell death pathways may improve response, minimize relapse, and enable combinatorial regimens for resistant tumors.

P=N/A, N=300, Completed, Sun Yat-sen University

P3, N=662, Recruiting, Jiangsu HengRui Medicine Co., Ltd. | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

Importantly, these events interacted with cholesterol metabolic regulation to form a self-amplifying cycle, which substantially enhanced damage-associated molecular pattern release to strengthen ICD and further modulated the TME by promoting CD8+ T cell infiltration and cytokine secretion while downregulating PD-L1 expression and Treg-mediated immunosuppression. In vivo, these conjugates exhibited favorable biocompatibility, potent antitumor activity and reduced toxicity compared to oxaliplatin.