A pH-sensitive nanococktail enabled cancer stem cell elimination, deep tumour penetration, and tumour shrinkage. (PubMed, Int J Pharm)
This study investigated the potential of a fusogenic pH-sensitive liposomal (pSL) nanococktail comprising doxorubicin and bufalin for targeting CSCs in clinically relevant HER2-positive breast cancer models, including cell lines (CD44high HCC1954 and CD44low BT474), homotypic and heterotypic spheroids, patient-derived organoids, and orthotopic HCC1954 mouse xenografts. In vivo, the pSL-cocktail was well-tolerated and achieved significant tumour shrinkage, whereas DOXIL-like liposomes and free drugs showed minimal activity or severe adverse effects. Overall, this pSL-cocktail demonstrates strong potential for CSC-elimination and tumour clearance through synergistic drug combination, superior tumour penetration, and endosomal pH-triggered intracellular drug release.