PIK3CA mutation

cfDNA trends across subtypes range from persistent elevation in TNBC to decline in Luminal A, suggesting its potential role in treatment monitoring. These findings underscore cfDNA's relevance to evolving precision oncology frameworks, particularly in biopsy-limited and resource-constrained settings.

ENETs are rare, aggressive tumors often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Combined adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy were associated with improved outcomes. Molecular profiling may identify potential therapeutic targets.

The patient therefore underwent adjuvant carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy followed by vaginal brachytherapy and has remained recurrence-free for five years. This case demonstrates molecular classification of an unusual histological type of EC exhibiting an extremely short-term risk of early distant metastasis and its implication on aggressive adjuvant therapeutical approach. It, furthermore, exemplifies the pronounced heterogeneity of the NSMP subgroup.

P2, N=35, Active, not recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Jan 2027

The use of Ki-67 immunohistochemistry or PAX8-GLIS3 testing on cytological specimens can aid in definitive diagnosis and prevent unnecessary surgery. Thus, an integrated approach combining cytological, histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular data is essential for the accurate diagnosis and optimal clinical management of HTT.

P2, N=51, Active, not recruiting, GOG Foundation | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | Trial completion date: Apr 2026 --> Nov 2028 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2025 --> May 2028

P2, N=26, Not yet recruiting, Hu Hai

High positive rates of CD3+, CD3+CD8+, CD3+CD8-, and PD-1+CD3+ T cells in the stroma area correlated with prolonged progression-free survival and favorable disease control; however, neither the positive rate of PD-L1 cells nor the density of it in the tumor area was associated with survival and response. In this combination-therapy-focused multi-omics analysis integrating tissue genomics, ctDNA features/dynamics and TME profiling, we identified ctDNA maxAF, HAF-bTMB, bITH, HAF-bITH, mutational status of SMAD4 or PIK3CA and TME markers as predictive or prognostic biomarkers for regorafenib plus toripalimab in refractory mCRC.

Furthermore, it discusses the emerging resistance mechanisms to PI3K inhibition, mitigation of adverse effects, and future directions for inavolisib in personalized oncology. As studies continue to demonstrate its clinical utility, inavolisib exhibits preferential activity against the mutated PI3Kα isoform, thereby enhancing therapeutic specificity for combination therapy.

FGFR inhibition reversed these changes and synergized with anti-PD-1 therapy to enhance antitumor immune responses and establish durable immune memory. Collectively, these findings identify FGFR signaling as a key driver of therapeutic resistance and immune escape in SEC and support FGFR-targeted combination strategies.

Concordance with both commercially available assays was high, with minor discrepancies attributable to differences in mutation coverage or detection thresholds. In conclusion, the CE-IVD Oncolipsy PIK3CA kit represents a highly detectability, specific and cost-effective real-time PCR-based solution for high throughput detection of four clinically relevant PIK3CA hotspot mutations in liquid biopsy samples.

While the therapeutic associations are based on a limited cohort and require prospective validation, the integration of comprehensive genomic and single-cell profiling provides an exploratory framework that may potentially enhance diagnostic accuracy in the future. However, these associations remain preliminary and require prospective validation to confirm their clinical utility.