RET fusion

These alterations were mutually exclusive with common drivers such as EGFR or KRAS. Detection of rare fusions highlights the therapeutic potential of comprehensive NGS profiling in Romanian NSCLC patients.

This is the first reported case of selpercatinib-induced acalculous cholecystitis in a patient. The report highlighted the potential efficacy of selpercatinib in elderly patients while underscoring the risk of severe adverse events and emphasizing monitoring and personalized dose management.

Cross-cancer analyses underscore the necessity of PDAC-specific strategies despite shared genomic drivers. Collectively, these insights support routine germline and somatic testing, enrollment in biomarker-matched trials, and rational combination strategies, establishing molecular profiling as central to advancing precision treatment in pancreatic cancer.

In Japanese patients treated with selpercatinib, efficacy in whole patients was similar to the worldwide population, whereas AEs (especially liver dysfunction) was more severe than worldwide population. This result highlights the need for careful dose management strategies for Japanese patients.

Several molecular mechanisms that can drive SCLC transdifferentiation have been identified. The treatment of transdifferentiated SCLC remains a significant challenge, although promising new strategies are currently under investigation. This review summarizes the current understanding of SCLC transdifferentiation.

This case highlights the potential of selpercatinib in the perioperative setting, suggesting that it induces tumor regression and enabling of curative surgery in early-stage RET fusion-positive NSCLC. Our findings support the further investigation of selpercatinib in early stages and provide a rationale for future treatment strategies of early-stage RET fusion-positive NSCLC patients.

The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved pembrolizumab for MSI-high tumors or tumors with a high TMB. Larotrectinib and entrectinib have been approved for the treatment of NTRK gene fusion-positive tumors. Additionally, the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib has been approved for BRAF V600E mutations, and selpercatinib has been approved for RET fusion-positive cancers as of 2022. Positive responses to agnostic therapy, a significant milestone in cancer treatment, depend on the identification of new agnostic biomarkers. Ongoing research is focused on defining additional molecular changes, such as programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS), neuregulin 1 (NRG1), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), and breast cancer gene (BRCA), as potential agnostic biomarkers in various cancer types.

NNDVKEDPK and KEDPKWEFP showed minimal cross-reactivity with the normal tissues. This study demonstrates a robust pipeline for identifying and validating immunogenic neoantigens from chimeric RNAs to design personalized cancer vaccines with high immunogenicity and low cross-reactivity.

Incorporating targeted therapy with surgery and tailored adjuvant treatment may lead to durable remission in selected patients with locally advanced disease. Prospective studies need to be conducted to further define the treatment sequencing and validate this multi-modal approach.

Our findings underscore the complexity of RET fusion characterization and the necessity for a comprehensive diagnostic approach, which enhances the identification of both canonical and noncanonical alterations. This supports precision oncology initiatives aimed at optimizing treatment outcomes for RET+ NSCLC patients.

Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) was observed in 407 samples (34.9%). The high prevalence of actionable biomarkers underscores the significance of CGP in facilitating precision medicine in an Asian setting.

We describe 2 adolescents with RET-fusion and noniodine avid metastatic PTC who both achieved increased iodine avidity after treatment with selpercatinib, a selective inhibitor of RET, allowing for the successful use of RAI. These cases highlight the potential to include targeted therapy to optimize the treatment with RAI in pediatric patients with noniodine avid advanced PTC.