P3, N=379, Completed, Children's Oncology Group | Active, not recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Jun 2028 --> Mar 2026

P2, N=50, Not yet recruiting, University of California, San Francisco

P=N/A, N=4, Not yet recruiting, University of Otago

P1, N=50, Recruiting, Medical University of South Carolina | Trial completion date: May 2026 --> May 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2026 --> Mar 2027

The combination of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) has significantly improved outcomes in patients with APL. The patient achieved molecular complete remission within two months of initiating isotretinoin-based consolidation therapy and continues to have negative PML::RARA reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results, with sustained remission at 18 months of follow-up with ongoing molecular monitoring every three months. Although the concurrent use of ATO and prior ATRA-based induction are important confounders, this case highlights the potential role of isotretinoin as a cost-effective alternative retinoid for consolidation therapy in APL when ATRA is inaccessible, although ATRA remains the recommended standard treatment.

P=N/A, N=54, Recruiting, Uşak University | Trial primary completion date: Mar 2026 --> Jun 2026

A mucoadhesive buccal patch loaded bioactive components such as isotretinoin, bromelain, and limonene (IBL patch) was fabricated and evaluated for its anticancer potential against OPMD-associated OSCC. Oral acute toxicity testing (OECD 423) confirmed the safety of the IBL patch, with no mortality or adverse effects up to 2000 mg/kg (LD₅₀ > 2000 mg/kg; GHS Category 5). Collectively, these findings highlights that the IBL mucoadhesive buccal patch has therapeutic potential against OPMD and controlling pathological epithelial remodeling.

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML) is characterized by promyelocytic leukemia retinoic acid receptor alpha (PML-RARA) fusion gene resulting from at (15;17) translocation. While, TLC significantly decreased from baseline in high risk cases to last follow-up (24 × 109/L vs. 9 × 109/L; P = 0.016). Patients with APML can be successfully treated with a combination of ATO and ATRA.

P1, N=36, Recruiting, Zagazig University | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting | Trial completion date: Dec 2024 --> Dec 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Jul 2024 --> Jul 2026

P=N/A, N=240, the First Hospital of China Medical University; the First Hospital of China Medical University

P2, N=100, Enrolling by invitation, University of Nebraska | Trial completion date: Dec 2026 --> Dec 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2026 --> Jun 2027 | Not yet recruiting --> Enrolling by invitation

P4, N=100, Not yet recruiting, Bausch Health Americas, Inc.