selenomethionine (SLM)

Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of sodium selenite (SS), selenium-enriched yeast (SY), selenomethionine (SM), and nano-selenium (NS) on gut microbiota and their metabolites, intestinal antioxidant capacity, immune response, and gut morphology in broilers, and investigated the potential molecular mechanisms by which Se influences intestinal function in broilers...Supplementation with SY increased ileal concentrations of secretory immunoglobulin A by 74.87% and interleukin-10 (IL-10) by 54.90%, enhanced ileal activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) by 123.55% and catalase by 197.20%, and elevated cecal acetate by 35.67% and total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by 28.78%, as well as ileal ursodeoxycholic acid concentration by 154.05% (P < 0.05)...In summary, SS and SY improved intestinal antioxidant and immune functions in broilers, whereas SY and NS enhanced cecal SCFAs production. Moreover, Se supplementation modulated the cecal microbial community in broilers.

Special emphasis is placed on the glutathione peroxidase (GPX) family, especially GPX4, in ferroptosis regulation and its sophisticated control mechanisms. Additionally, this review summarizes key challenges in current selenoproteins research and explores potential therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment by targeting selenoproteins.

Inhibition of GPX4 using RSL3 or ML210 reversed the SeMet-induced reduction in ferroptosis and apoptosis, whereas inhibition of Nrf2 via siRNA or the inhibitor ML385 had no significant effect. Notably, SeMet did not compromise the ability of cisplatin to induce DNA damage and cell death in cancer cells. Collectively, these findings support SeMet as a promising protective agent for the prevention of CIHL and suggest that GPX4 may be a potential therapeutic target in managing CIHL.

Although this molecular interaction may reflect SeMet-mediated attenuation of oxidative stress, biochemical data did not confirm changes in GSH/GSSG levels. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying MeHg neurotoxicity and its modulation by SeMet in fish brain, highlighting a potential protective role of organic Se against MeHg-induced molecular alterations.

This study systematically delineated a "microbiota-immunity-tumor" triangular knowledge framework that currently underpins the field, highlighting its maturation through bibliometric evidence. In the future, it is critical to integrate cross-scale mechanism exploration, standardized clinical translation pathways, and a global collaboration network to promote breakthroughs in personalized immunotherapy strategies, with direct relevance for clinical and perioperative care in oncology.

Compared with the sodium selenite (SeS), nano-selenium (SeN), selenomethionine (SeM), and selenium-enriched yeasts (SeY), as novel selenium sources, are increasingly popular in laying hen production...Meanwhile, the gut microbiota and differential metabolites of ovary were closely related to laying performance and antioxidant capacity of ovary. Therefore, 0.4 mg/kg SeN, SeM, and SeY showed an advantage on improving laying rate, ovary function, and gut microbiota in laying hens, and they could be potential additives using in laying hen production.

Selenomethionine (SeMet), a natural amino acid with antioxidant and anticancer properties, was investigated for its protective effects against ZEA-induced nephrotoxicity...Notably, 0.35 mg/kg SeMet demonstrated optimal renal protection. These findings highlight SeMet's potential as a dietary supplement to mitigate ZEA-induced kidney injury via modulation of autophagy and apoptosis pathways.

By reversing the above changes induced by OTA, SeMet alleviated OTA-induced renal injury and inhibited OTA-induced lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. These findings indicate that SeMet alleviates OTA-induced renal injury by inhibiting ferroptosis, suggesting that SeMet can be used as a feed additive in mycotoxin-contaminated environments.

In the present work, a single cell ICP-MS (scICP-MS) methodology was optimised to evaluate the cellular uptake of cisplatin in the presence of three potential nephroprotectors such as chitosan-stabilised selenium nanoparticles (Ch-SeNPs), selenomethionine (SeMet) and methionine (Met). Results were compared by two different scICP-MS settings (a conventional introduction system and a special configuration for intact cells), as well as with the classical digestion-based bulk analysis. Our results demonstrate the potential of scICP-MS for metallomic cellular studies to improve cisplatin-based therapies.

Neither suboptimal nor adequate concentrations of either selenium species affected malignant cell transformation even though selenoprotein expression was modulated. Overall, the current data suggest that high concentrations of selenium have different effects on malignant cell transformation depending on the distinct selenium species applied.

Additionally, SeMet enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes (T-SOD and GSH-PX) and reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) without hepatorenal toxicity. These findings establish SeMet as a multifaceted therapeutic candidate for lung cancer through dual induction of apoptosis-ferroptosis and angiogenesis inhibition.

SeMet pretreatment significantly decreased the degree of intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis. Therefore, we showed that SeMet can reduce inflammation and enhance intestinal barrier function to improve the production performance of rabbits infected with KP.