Small Cell Lung Cancer

In the current study, we investigated the bidirectional communication mediated by exRNA LYPLAL1-DT between SCLC and endothelial cells, while also exploring its potential regulatory targets. This research provides a potential circulating biomarker for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of SCLC.

The integrated prediction model combining clinical features, laboratory biomarkers, and CT features shows promise for improving the accuracy of differentiating NSCLC from BPD. Further studies are warranted to explore its potential in clinical practice.

P1/2, N=140, Active, not recruiting, Novartis Pharmaceuticals | Recruiting --> Active, not recruiting | N=200 --> 140

Tarlatamab is associated with higher CRS and ICANS rates in real-world settings than observed in trials. Prophylactic tocilizumab may mitigate these toxicities in high-risk patients and should be considered for incorporation into treatment protocols.

P2, N=46, Not yet recruiting, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University

These results indicate that BioGAT-LGG effectively captures biologically validated mechanisms and can enable clinically significant subtype classification and biomarker-guided decision-making. This framework thus lays a scalable foundation for multi-omics integration in oncology, which can be further adopted in other tumour types.

These findings underscore the crucial role of synergistic treatment in augmenting the efficacy of ICIs. The crosstalk between neutrophils and B cells in the orchestration of ICIs therapy for NSCLC was further elucidated through the roles of HSD17B11, SORL1, and TREM1.

P3, N=480, Recruiting, Zai Lab (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting | Trial completion date: May 2029 --> Nov 2028 | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2028 --> Jun 2028

P2, N=65, Completed, Hunan Cancer Hospital | Recruiting --> Completed | Trial completion date: Dec 2023 --> Apr 2025 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2023 --> Jan 2025

P1/2, N=61, Recruiting, Radiopharm Theranostics, Ltd | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting | Initiation date: Nov 2025 --> Feb 2026

SEZ6expression is higher in SCLC than in NE tumors, with notable heterogeneity by subtype, warranting consideration of expanded use of SEZ6-directed therapy. Translational Relevance Statement: This study establishes SEZ6 as a promising therapeutic target in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and transformed non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), demonstrating its significantly elevated expression compared to neuroendocrine (NE) tumors and NSCLC. The positive correlation of SEZ6 expression with NE lineage markers, particularly in ASCL1 and NEUROD1 subtypes, highlights its role as a lineage-specific marker, guiding the development of SEZ6-targeted antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). Additionally, the increased SEZ6 expression following NSCLC-to-SCLC transformation suggests that SEZ6-targeted therapies could address resistance mechanisms in transformed tumors. Importantly, the association between high SEZ6 expression and shorter survival indicates that integrating SEZ6 status into diagnostic workflows could help stratify patients by risk and guide therapeutic decision-making. The findings from this study will inform future clinical trials, aiming to implement SEZ6-targeted treatments as part of precision oncology strategies for aggressive NE malignancies.

TRIM29 is a promising biomarker for NSCLC, particularly in differentiating SCC from ADC. Its strong association with p40, coupled with an inverse relationship with TTF1, enhances its diagnostic utility. Further studies are needed to explore its role in lung cancer pathogenesis and prognosis.