Similar findings were observed in metastatic lymph nodes, demonstrating viral activity and tumor suppression. Collectively, these results indicate that KLS-3021 exerts potent anti-tumor efficacy in both primary and metastatic cSCC models, supporting its clinical translation as a multifunctional oncolytic virotherapy targeting the physical and immunological barriers of the tumor microenvironment.
Critically, our genetic manipulations allow us to identify SOX2 High tumor-initiating stem cells as key orchestrators that modulate the lipid metabolism of TAMs and shape their cell states. These findings suggest that disrupting the metabolic crosstalk between tumor-initiating stem cells and TAMs represents a promising strategy to normalize myeloid cell function and enhance cancer immunotherapy efficacy.
Functional assays in human keratinocytes and cSCC cells further showed that WWOX depletion enhances EMT plasticity, invasiveness, and metastatic colonization. Together, these findings identify WWOX as a critical regulator of epidermal integrity and reveal a previously unrecognized WWOX-p63 axis that constrains EMT and tumor progression in cSCC.
7 days ago
Journal
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TP63 (Tumor protein 63) • WWOX (WW Domain Containing Oxidoreductase)
Specifically, CYBA and S100A2 are identified as promising diagnostic candidate signatures, while APOE may reflect immunomodulatory heterogeneity. These findings offer insights for developing diagnostic strategies and targeted immunotherapies in cSCC.