Testicular Seminoma

Key advances include: (1) In bladder cancer, perioperative durvalumab (NIAGARA) and enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab (KEYNOTE-905/EV-303) set new standards, while HER2-targeted disitamab vedotin plus toripalimab (RC48-C016) improved metastatic survival...(3) In prostate cancer, enzalutamide plus leuprolide improved survival in high-risk biochemical recurrence (EMBARK). Capivasertib plus abiraterone benefited PTEN-deficient metastatic hormone-sensitive disease (CAPItello-281). The PSMAddition trial demonstrated that adding [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 to standard therapy significantly improved radiographic PFS in PSMA-positive mHSPC. Docetaxel scheduling was optimized (ARASAFE), and an AI model (STAMPEDE) identified patients for AR inhibitor benefit. Novel agents like saruparib and pasritamig showed promise...The 2025 evidence establishes multiple new standards of care across GU cancers, emphasizing biomarker-driven strategies, immunotherapy integration, novel resistance mechanisms, and treatment optimization. This synthesis provides an evidence-based framework for updating guidelines and highlights the move toward more personalized management, while noting persistent challenges and future research needs.

This case highlights both the benefits and limitations of AFP-driven surveillance: while it facilitated early detection of a curable extrahepatic tumor, reliance on AFP alone may miss AFP-negative testicular cancers. Comprehensive surveillance strategies incorporating tumor markers, structured physical examinations, and patient education are warranted, with future emphasis on standardized guidelines for pediatric LT survivors.

Assessment of transcription factors involved in the induction and maintenance of EC and YST phenotypes suggests that, in pure non-seminomas, reprogramming occurs outside the spermatogonial niche.

Twenty-eight of 57 tumors (49%) showed aberrant retained staining, divided into 4 observable staining patterns: fine granular staining/blush (9/28 abnormally staining tumors), focal retention (15/28), retained staining weaker than internal control (2/28), and retained staining either equal to internal control or without internal control present (2/28). We recognize the clinical utility of SDHB IHC as an affordable, but nuanced, method for screening for SDHx pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants and recommend subsequent genetic testing for any amount of abnormally lost staining.

Our findings suggest a correlation between PTTG1 expression and lymphadenopathy at diagnosis, independent of tumor size and T stage. It may reflect biological features associated with lymphatic dissemination and requires further investigation in larger prospective studies.

This study highlights the role of CLDN6 in cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation of GCT cells, suggesting that, in addition to its suitability as a therapeutic target, CLDN6 may also play a putative role during tumor progression.

Diffuse canine SEM had local invasive features associated with ezrin immunolabelling. According to these findings, PAS staining correlates with canine SEM histomorphology and ezrin immunolabelling can be used as a biological marker of the local invasiveness potential of canine SEMs.

Published cases suggest that IN-TSCT may exhibit aggressive clinical behavior, including metastatic spread in a subset of patients; however, the total number of reported cases remains very limited, and the true metastatic risk and prognostic spectrum have not yet been clearly defined. This review synthesizes the available literature to provide a comprehensive clinicopathologic and molecular overview of this emerging tumor entity.

P=N/A, N=160, Recruiting, Sahlgrenska University Hospital

Germ cell tumorscannot be excluded in young male patients, even when lesions arise on the convexity and exhibit imaging features typical of meningiomas. Accordingly, germ cell tumors should be included in the differential diagnosis, and tumor marker evaluation and nuclear medicine studies should be proactively performed.

In this cohort of 79 adult patients with NF1, 18F-FDG PET/CT proved as a valuable complementary imaging modality to conventional imaging by enabling the detection of incidental malignant or potentially malignant tumors. Our results highlight 18F-FDG PET/CT's beneficial impact on disease management by suggesting that the incorporation of 18F-FDG PET/CT into screening protocols could improve early detection of NF1-related cancers in asymptomatic adults, potentially offering early treatment options to improve clinical outcomes.

Notably, mature TLSs are key for effective anti-tumor immunity, whereas immature TLSs may fail to generate an adequate response. Collectively, these findings highlight TLSs as prognostic biomarkers with prognostic value and therapeutic potential in GU malignancies.