Thymic Carcinoma

Integrated profiling of TETs reveals distinct genomic, transcriptomic, and immune features across subtypes of TETs and identifies potentially actionable therapeutic targets that may inform future treatment strategies.

For EGFR-mutant NSCLC, sequential development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) from first- to third-generation agents-culminating in osimertinib-has markedly improved survival. Similarly, successive generations of ALK inhibitors, including alectinib, brigatinib, and lorlatinib, have extended disease control, particularly within the central nervous system. The introduction of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), such as trastuzumab deruxtecan for HER2-mutant NSCLC, and emerging TKIs like zongertinib, represent new therapeutic milestones...Beyond lung cancer, our group, in collaboration with Juntendo University ARO (academic research organization) and fifteen institutions in Japan, conducted the MARBLE phase II trial of atezolizumab plus chemotherapy for thymic carcinoma, achieving a 56% objective response rate and 9.6-month median progression-free survival, supporting potential ICI approval in Japan...The DLL3-targeted BiTE tarlatamab significantly improved overall survival to 13.6 months in the phase III DeLLphi-304 trial for relapsed SCLC, with manageable cytokine release syndrome. Collectively, these advances signify a shift toward biologically driven, molecular-targeted or immune-integrated therapy, aiming to transform lung cancer into a chronic, manageable disease in the future, hopefully.

MTAP-deleted thoracic tumors exhibit reproducible clinical and molecular features across populations. Our findings support the rational, globally applicable development of MTAP-targeted synthetic lethal strategies in thoracic malignancies, particularly in combination with molecular targeted agents.

The patient is currently undergoing palliative chemotherapy with carboplatin, paclitaxel, and dostarlimab, continues on lifelong anticoagulation, and receives comprehensive pain management. This case underscores the diagnostic complexity of cardiac masses, particularly in patients with malignancy. It highlights the critical role that multimodality imaging plays in resolving complex diagnostic dilemmas and emphasizes the importance of a collaborative approach in managing such patients.

P1/2, N=36, Recruiting, Beijing Biotech

P2, N=55, Active, not recruiting, European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer - EORTC | Trial completion date: Jul 2024 --> Dec 2027

P2, N=25, Recruiting, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai, China | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2026 | Trial primary completion date: Aug 2025 --> Sep 2026

P2, N=30, Not yet recruiting, Sichuan Kelun-Biotech Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Initiation date: Jan 2026 --> Jun 2026

TIM3, GTF2I, and XPO1 are highly expressed in the epithelial compartment of TETs, providing a rationale for therapeutic targeting in future immunotherapy trials. Differential IHC expression of TIM3, OX40L, GTF2I, XPO1, and GITR defines distinct TET subtypes with independent prognostic relevance, enabling more accurate risk assessment in these highly heterogeneous thoracic malignancies.

P2, N=36, Recruiting, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Trial completion date: Apr 2026 --> Apr 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Apr 2026 --> Apr 2027

P2, N=53, Recruiting, National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Trial completion date: Dec 2028 --> Jun 2028

While these findings require validation in larger cohorts, they support a thymic origin for CASTLE and establish its molecular distinction from follicular-derived thyroid cancers. The immunogenic tumor landscape suggests that immune checkpoint inhibitors, particularly those targeting PD-1/PD-L1, may be a promising therapeutic strategy, alongside emerging targets for precision oncology.