Yescarta (axicabtagene ciloleucel)

P1/2, N=30, Suspended, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2026 | Recruiting --> Suspended | Trial primary completion date: Dec 2025 --> Sep 2026

P1, N=20, Recruiting, AIDS Malignancy Consortium | Trial completion date: Jan 2027 --> Jan 2029 | Trial primary completion date: Jan 2026 --> Jan 2028

To investigate this clinical issue, 106 patients treated with CAR-T cell therapy using either tisagenlecleucel, lisocabtagene maraleucel or axicabtagene ciloleucel for r/r DLBCL at our institution were retrospectively analyzed. Multivariate analysis revealed that CD5 expression was unfavorably associated with PFS and OS. Together, these data suggest that CD5 expression has a negative impact on outcomes after CAR-T cell therapy.

P2, N=27, Recruiting, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute | Trial primary completion date: Nov 2025 --> Dec 2026

P1, N=37, Active, not recruiting, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota | Trial completion date: Dec 2025 --> Dec 2026

P2, N=24, Not yet recruiting, Ruijin Hospital

Axi-cel plus rituximab treatment led to durable responses with no new safety signals despite persistent B cell aplasia and pharmacokinetics of axi-cel were unaffected, indicating that dual targeting of CD19 and CD20 is a feasible and safe approach to potentially limit antigen escape. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT04002401 .

IEC-HS is a rare but potentially fatal complication. Our disproportionality analysis identifies significant reporting signals for tisa-cel and cilta-cel. The high absolute number of cases observed for products like axi-cel appears to reflect high utilization rather than a disproportionate risk, underscoring the necessity of using statistical signal detection methods when interpreting spontaneous reports.

Comparative insights highlight the advantages of liso-cel over other CAR-T cell products, such as axicabtagene ciloleucel and tisagenlecleucel in terms of toxicity, logistics, and outpatient feasibility. With ongoing improvements in manufacturing, accessibility, and biomarker development, liso-cel is well-positioned to become a central component in the evolving treatment paradigm for FL. However, challenges remain regarding durability of response, cost, and access, which warrant careful discussion.

To identify predictive biomarkers, we performed flow cytometry and multiplex assays before and early after CAR-T infusion on 78 patients (ide-cel n = 31; axi-cel n = 24; and cilta-cel n = 23) undergoing CAR-T therapy. Baseline sIL-2R and sVCAM-1 demonstrated robust predictive value for prolonged neutropenia, severe infections, and mortality independently of key clinical variables such as the underlying disease and CAR-T product. Integration of these markers improves existing models and can help to refine risk assessment and guide individualized patient management in CAR-T therapy.

P3, N=400, Recruiting, Lyell Immunopharma, Inc. | Not yet recruiting --> Recruiting

P1, N=40, Recruiting, University Health Network, Toronto | Trial completion date: Jun 2027 --> Sep 2027 | Trial primary completion date: Jun 2025 --> Sep 2027