ER negative

The patient therefore underwent adjuvant carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy followed by vaginal brachytherapy and has remained recurrence-free for five years. This case demonstrates molecular classification of an unusual histological type of EC exhibiting an extremely short-term risk of early distant metastasis and its implication on aggressive adjuvant therapeutical approach. It, furthermore, exemplifies the pronounced heterogeneity of the NSMP subgroup.

The study by Moyer and colleagues demonstrated that RXR agonists, particularly IRX4204, delay tumor onset in BRCA1-deficient and triple-negative mouse models, suggesting a potential preventive role through immunomodulation...A rational next step may be to carefully design window-of-opportunity trials in BRCA1 carriers undergoing risk-reducing bilateral mastectomy to assess biomarker modulation and tolerability. See related article by Moyer et al., p. 161.

P2, N=96, Completed, Mayo Clinic | Active, not recruiting --> Completed

A stepwise, symptom-driven treatment model is recommended-beginning with non-hormonal options and advancing to local vaginal therapies or ospemifene when appropriate...Local estrogen is generally safer in tamoxifen users, but caution is warranted with aromatase inhibitors due to potential systemic absorption. In patients with estrogen receptor-negative disease, local hormone use may be considered but requires careful risk-benefit evaluation and shared decision making is essential. Until long-term safety data emerge, management should remain individualized, evidence-based, and multidisciplinary.

A subset of AI mice were given tamoxifen for 21 days...Early metabolic phenotypes in AI and GI glands may be related to estrogen signaling. AI long-term transcriptional metabolic effects were similar to breast cancer.

Awareness of the heterogeneous 18F-FES uptake patterns in benign breast lesions, as well as the limited sensitivity for detecting ER-positive tumors < 10 mm, is essential for accurate image interpretation. 18F-FES PET/MRI enables reliable assessment of ER expression in BC lesions ≥ 10 mm, with uptake patterns remaining consistent across molecular and histologic subtypes.

Given its aggressive biology and rising relative incidence in the HPV-vaccination era, GAS represents a critical unmet need in gynecologic oncology. Future progress hinges on developing reliable diagnostic biomarkers, refining imaging protocols, and validating targeted therapies through international clinical trials.

Emerging artificial intelligence tools, including digital pathology and multimodal deep learning, may enhance ER quantification, reduce observer variability, and enable more precise patient stratification. This review synthesizes current pathological and clinical insights into ER-low breast cancer and highlights evolving therapeutic strategies, with a forward-looking perspective on AI-driven approaches to optimize personalized treatment for this challenging subtype.

CD8+ and FOXP3+ TIICs were associated with better BCSS in ER-negative disease; CD8+ and CD20+ TIICs were associated with a better prognosis in ER-positive disease; and CD163+ TIICs were associated with a poorer prognosis in ER-positive disease in multi-marker models. These results may have implications for breast cancer immunotherapy.

PIK3CA mutations are present in ER-negative and HER2-positive apocrine ca., and these mutations drive PIK3CA-dependent proliferation in vitro. These results suggest that patients with apocrine ca. may benefit from PIK3CA mutation testing and subsequent targeted therapy.

There is a wide disparity around the world in the long-term survival of women diagnosed with breast cancer before age 40, which cannot be accounted for by differences in screening, tumor stage at presentation or other tumor features. It is possible that differences in survival are due to inherent ethnic differences and/or differences in cancer management, but more research is required.

P2, N=82, Active, not recruiting, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute | Trial completion date: Feb 2036 --> Jun 2036 | Trial primary completion date: Feb 2026 --> Jun 2026